Fall in zone 5aPhoto: Dietmar Rabich, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons
Frost dates for ZIP 59741 (Gallatin River Ranch, MT)
Average last spring and first fall frost dates with 10%, 50% and 90% odds, from NOAA's 1991–2020 climate normals for the nearest weather station, Logan Landfill, MT (8 miles away).
- Average last spring frostMay 2650% chance of a 32°F freeze after this date
- Average first fall frostSep 1550% chance of a 32°F freeze by this date
- Growing season (frost-free)111 daysmedian, 32°F threshold
- USDA hardiness zone5a-20 to -15°F avg. coldest night
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This week in your yard
As of Oct 18, 2026, from your frost dates, zone and soil temperature. Lawn timing · Vegetables · Pruning · Plants
Soil temperature now
2-inch depth
44°F Below 50°F
24-hour average · latest 45°F, as of Oct 18, 2:00 AM CDT
Measured at USDA NRCS SCAN station Table Mountain, 11 mi away. Daily averages: Thu 41°, Fri 40°, Sat 43°.
4-inch depth
43°F Below 50°F
24-hour average · latest 46°F, as of Oct 18, 2:00 AM CDT
Measured at USDA NRCS SCAN station Table Mountain, 11 mi away. Daily averages: Thu 41°, Fri 41°, Sat 43°.
Fall: Texas A&M AgriLife times fall pre-emergent (for winter weeds such as annual bluegrass) to soil cooling to about 70°F for several days. The 50–55°F band is the spring trigger. Always read and follow the product label.
7-day forecast and frost risk
The latest National Weather Service 7-day forecast and any Frost Advisory or Freeze Warning for 59741 load here. You can also open the NWS forecast for this ZIP.
Pre-emergent
Soil is 43°F at 4 inches. Fall pre-emergent window is mostly past. Next: spring, when soil reaches 50°F (typically mid-April to mid-May).
Fertilizer window
Lawn region: Mountain West and High Plains. Timing only; always follow the product label.
- Kentucky bluegrass (cool-season): Early fall: Around Labor Day (late August–September); Late fall: Late October–November, before the ground freezes; Late spring: Optional around Memorial Day. Avoid: Early-spring and midsummer feeding (pushes top growth, favors crabgrass).
Plant now
No vegetable planting windows are open this week.
Prune now
No frost-timed pruning windows are open this week.
Spring-flowering shrubs are pruned right after their flowers fade, not by date. See the pruning guide.
Last spring frost odds
| Chance of a 32°F freeze after this date | Date |
|---|---|
| 90% (early: most years still freeze after this) | May 11 |
| 50% (the "average" last frost) | May 26 |
| 10% (cautious: only 1 year in 10 freezes later) | Jun 12 |
Most gardeners plant frost-tender crops (tomatoes, peppers, basil) after the 50% date, and closer to the 10% date for less risk.
First fall frost odds
| Chance the first 32°F freeze has happened by this date | Date |
|---|---|
| 10% (early: 1 year in 10 freezes this soon) | Sep 1 |
| 50% (the "average" first frost) | Sep 15 |
| 90% (late: most years have frozen by now) | Sep 28 |
Light frost, freeze and hard freeze
| Threshold | Last spring (50%) | First fall (50%) |
|---|---|---|
| 36°F (light frost possible on clear, calm nights) | Jun 12 | Sep 3 |
| 32°F (freeze) | May 26 | Sep 15 |
| 28°F (hard freeze) | May 11 | Sep 27 |
n/a means NOAA did not publish a date at that threshold for this station (usually because it rarely gets that cold).
Vegetable planting calendar for 59741
Dates count from your average last spring frost (May 26) and first fall frost (Sep 15). Half of years have a frost after the spring date, so give tender crops (tomatoes, peppers, squash) some slack.
| Crop | Start indoors | Spring planting | Fall planting |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tomato | Mar 31–Apr 14 | Jun 2–16 (transplant) | – |
| Pepper (sweet and hot) | Mar 17–31 | Jun 9–23 (transplant) | – |
| Eggplant | Mar 17–31 | Jun 9–23 (transplant) | – |
| Tomatillo | Mar 31–Apr 14 | Jun 2–16 (transplant) | – |
| Lettuce | Mar 31–Apr 14 | May 5–26 (transplant) Apr 28–Jun 9 (sow outdoors) | Jul 21–Aug 11 (transplant) Jul 7–Aug 4 (sowing) |
| Spinach | – | Apr 14–May 5 (sow outdoors) | Jul 21–Aug 11 (sowing) |
| Kale | Mar 31–Apr 14 | Apr 28–May 12 (transplant) Apr 28–May 12 (sow outdoors) | Jun 23–Jul 21 (transplant) Jun 9–Jul 7 (sowing) |
| Collards | Mar 31–Apr 14 | Apr 28–May 26 (transplant) Apr 28–May 26 (sow outdoors) | Jun 23–Jul 21 (transplant) Jun 9–Jul 7 (sowing) |
| Broccoli | Mar 17–31 | Apr 28–May 12 (transplant) | Jun 9–Jul 7 (transplant) |
| Cabbage | Mar 17–31 | Apr 28–May 12 (transplant) | Jun 9–Jul 7 (transplant) |
| Cauliflower | Mar 17–31 | May 12–26 (transplant) | Jun 9–Jul 7 (transplant) |
| Brussels sprouts | Mar 3–17 | Apr 28–May 12 (transplant) | May 26–Jun 16 (transplant) |
| Kohlrabi | Mar 31–Apr 14 | Apr 28–May 12 (transplant) Apr 28–May 12 (sow outdoors) | Jul 7–21 (sowing) |
| Bok choy / Asian greens | – | Apr 28–May 12 (sow outdoors) | Jul 21–Aug 4 (sowing) |
| Arugula | – | Apr 28–May 26 (sow outdoors) | Jul 21–Aug 18 (sowing) |
| Mustard greens | – | Apr 28–May 19 (sow outdoors) | Jul 21–Aug 4 (sowing) |
| Swiss chard | Apr 14–28 | May 12–Jun 2 (transplant) May 12–Jun 9 (sow outdoors) | Jul 7–21 (sowing) |
| Beet | – | Apr 28–May 26 (sow outdoors) | Jul 7–21 (sowing) |
| Carrot | – | May 5–Jun 2 (sow outdoors) | Jun 23–Jul 7 (sowing) |
| Radish | – | Apr 21–Jun 2 (sow outdoors) | Aug 4–18 (sowing) |
| Turnip | – | Apr 28–May 19 (sow outdoors) | Jul 7–21 (sowing) |
| Parsnip | – | May 5–26 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Pea (garden, snap, snow) | – | Mar 31–Apr 28 (sow outdoors) | Jun 23–Jul 7 (sowing) |
| Onion (bulbing) | Mar 3–17 | Apr 14–28 (transplant) | – |
| Green onion / scallion | – | Apr 14–May 12 (sow outdoors) | Jul 7–21 (sowing) |
| Leek | Mar 3–17 | Apr 28–May 12 (transplant) | – |
| Garlic | – | – | Aug 4–Sep 1 (sowing) |
| Shallot | – | Apr 14–28 (transplant) | Aug 4–Sep 1 (sowing) |
| Potato | – | Apr 28–May 12 (transplant) | May 26–Jun 9 (transplant) |
| Sweet potato | – | Jun 16–30 (transplant) | – |
| Sweet corn | – | Jun 2–16 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Bean, bush (snap) | – | Jun 2–16 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Bean, pole | – | Jun 2–16 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Lima bean | – | Jun 9–23 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Southern pea (cowpea, black-eyed pea) | – | Jun 16–Jul 7 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Cucumber | Apr 28–May 5 | Jun 2–16 (transplant) Jun 2–16 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Summer squash / zucchini | Apr 28–May 5 | Jun 2–16 (transplant) Jun 2–16 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Winter squash | Apr 28–May 5 | Jun 2–16 (transplant) Jun 2–16 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Pumpkin | – | Jun 2–16 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Watermelon | Apr 28–May 5 | Jun 9–23 (transplant) Jun 9–23 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Cantaloupe / muskmelon | Apr 28–May 5 | Jun 9–23 (transplant) Jun 9–23 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Okra | Apr 14–28 | Jun 9–23 (transplant) Jun 9–23 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Celery | Mar 3–17 | Jun 2–9 (transplant) | – |
| Basil | Apr 14–28 | Jun 2–16 (transplant) Jun 2–16 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Cilantro | – | May 12–Jun 9 (sow outdoors) | Jul 21–Aug 4 (sowing) |
| Parsley | Mar 17–31 | May 12–26 (transplant) May 5–26 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Dill | – | May 26–Jun 9 (sow outdoors) | Jul 21–Aug 4 (sowing) |
| Sunflower | – | May 26–Jun 9 (sow outdoors) | – |
| Asparagus (crowns) | – | Apr 28–May 12 (transplant) | – |
| Rhubarb (crowns) | – | Apr 28–May 12 (transplant) | – |
| Strawberry (plants) | – | Apr 28–May 12 (transplant) | Jul 7–Aug 4 (transplant) |
Typical ranges from university extension planting calendars, adjusted to your frost dates. Probabilities, not guarantees. Fall windows that would overlap spring planting are left out, as are fall crops of frost-tender plants where the frost-free season is under 210 days.
Where these numbers come from
Station: Logan Landfill, MT (NOAA GHCN-Daily ID USC00245123), elevation 4,243 ft, 7.6 miles from the ZIP's center point. NOAA completeness flag: R (representative, 10+ years).
Nearby stations
| Station | Distance | Last frost (50%) | First frost (50%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bozeman Gallatin Fld, MT | 10 mi | May 26 | Sep 16 |
| Bozeman 6 W EXP Farm, MT | 12 mi | May 23 | Sep 23 |
| Trident, MT | 13 mi | May 9 | Sep 27 |
The average last-frost dates of these stations span 17 days, a rough guide to local variation. See data sources & methods.
Frost questions for 59741
When is the last frost in 59741?
The average (50% chance) last spring freeze of 32°F for ZIP 59741 is May 26. For a more cautious planting date, use June 12, when only 1 year in 10 still sees a later freeze.
When is the first frost in 59741?
The average first fall freeze is September 15. In 1 year in 10 it comes by September 1.
What hardiness zone is 59741?
ZIP 59741 is in USDA zone 5a (-20 to -15°F average coldest winter night), per the 2023 USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map ZIP listing.
What is the soil temperature in 59741 right now?
This page shows the latest 2-inch and 4-inch soil temperature from the nearest public soil station (USDA SCAN, NOAA USCRN or TexMesonet), or a labeled estimate when no station is close, against the 50–55°F spring pre-emergent band.
Nearby ZIP codes
59760 Willow Creek 59752 Wheatland 59718 Four Corners 59745 Norris 59714 Belgrade 59715 Bozeman 59721 Cardwell 59735 Harrison
Other ZIP codes in Gallatin County
59714 59715 59718 59730 59752 59758 59760 All Gallatin County frost dates · Montana frost dates
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